File system operations¶

libuv provides a wide variety of cross-platform sync and async file system operations. All functions defined in this document take a callback, which is allowed to be NULL. If the callback is NULL the request is completed synchronously, otherwise it will be performed asynchronously.

All file operations are run on the threadpool. See Thread pool work scheduling for information on the threadpool size.

注解

On Windows uv_fs_* functions use utf-8 encoding.

Data types¶

uv_fs_t¶: File system request type.

uv_timespec_t¶

Portable equivalent of struct timespec.

typedef struct {
    long tv_sec;
    long tv_nsec;
} uv_timespec_t;

uv_stat_t¶

Portable equivalent of struct stat.

typedef struct {
    uint64_t st_dev;
    uint64_t st_mode;
    uint64_t st_nlink;
    uint64_t st_uid;
    uint64_t st_gid;
    uint64_t st_rdev;
    uint64_t st_ino;
    uint64_t st_size;
    uint64_t st_blksize;
    uint64_t st_blocks;
    uint64_t st_flags;
    uint64_t st_gen;
    uv_timespec_t st_atim;
    uv_timespec_t st_mtim;
    uv_timespec_t st_ctim;
    uv_timespec_t st_birthtim;
} uv_stat_t;

uv_fs_type¶

File system request type.

typedef enum {
    UV_FS_UNKNOWN = -1,
    UV_FS_CUSTOM,
    UV_FS_OPEN,
    UV_FS_CLOSE,
    UV_FS_READ,
    UV_FS_WRITE,
    UV_FS_SENDFILE,
    UV_FS_STAT,
    UV_FS_LSTAT,
    UV_FS_FSTAT,
    UV_FS_FTRUNCATE,
    UV_FS_UTIME,
    UV_FS_FUTIME,
    UV_FS_ACCESS,
    UV_FS_CHMOD,
    UV_FS_FCHMOD,
    UV_FS_FSYNC,
    UV_FS_FDATASYNC,
    UV_FS_UNLINK,
    UV_FS_RMDIR,
    UV_FS_MKDIR,
    UV_FS_MKDTEMP,
    UV_FS_RENAME,
    UV_FS_SCANDIR,
    UV_FS_LINK,
    UV_FS_SYMLINK,
    UV_FS_READLINK,
    UV_FS_CHOWN,
    UV_FS_FCHOWN,
    UV_FS_REALPATH,
    UV_FS_COPYFILE,
    UV_FS_LCHOWN
} uv_fs_type;

uv_dirent_t¶

Cross platform (reduced) equivalent of struct dirent. Used in uv_fs_scandir_next().

typedef enum {
    UV_DIRENT_UNKNOWN,
    UV_DIRENT_FILE,
    UV_DIRENT_DIR,
    UV_DIRENT_LINK,
    UV_DIRENT_FIFO,
    UV_DIRENT_SOCKET,
    UV_DIRENT_CHAR,
    UV_DIRENT_BLOCK
} uv_dirent_type_t;

typedef struct uv_dirent_s {
    const char* name;
    uv_dirent_type_t type;
} uv_dirent_t;

Public members¶

uv_loop_t* uv_fs_t.loop¶: Loop that started this request and where completion will be reported. Readonly.

uv_fs_type uv_fs_t.fs_type¶: FS request type.

const char* uv_fs_t.path¶: Path affecting the request.

ssize_t uv_fs_t.result¶: Result of the request. < 0 means error, success otherwise. On requests such as uv_fs_read() or uv_fs_write() it indicates the amount of data that was read or written, respectively.

uv_stat_t uv_fs_t.statbuf¶: Stores the result of uv_fs_stat() and other stat requests.

void* uv_fs_t.ptr¶: Stores the result of uv_fs_readlink() and uv_fs_realpath() and serves as an alias to statbuf.

参见

The uv_req_t members also apply.

API¶

void uv_fs_req_cleanup(uv_fs_t* req)¶: Cleanup request. Must be called after a request is finished to deallocate any memory libuv might have allocated.

int uv_fs_close(uv_loop_t* loop, uv_fs_t* req, uv_file file, uv_fs_cb cb)¶: Equivalent to close(2).

int uv_fs_open(uv_loop_t* loop, uv_fs_t* req, const char* path, int flags, int mode, uv_fs_cb cb)¶: Equivalent to open(2).

注解

On Windows libuv uses CreateFileW and thus the file is always opened in binary mode. Because of this the O_BINARY and O_TEXT flags are not supported.

int uv_fs_read(uv_loop_t* loop, uv_fs_t* req, uv_file file, const uv_buf_t bufs[], unsigned int nbufs, int64_t offset, uv_fs_cb cb)¶: Equivalent to preadv(2).

int uv_fs_unlink(uv_loop_t* loop, uv_fs_t* req, const char* path, uv_fs_cb cb)¶: Equivalent to unlink(2).

int uv_fs_write(uv_loop_t* loop, uv_fs_t* req, uv_file file, const uv_buf_t bufs[], unsigned int nbufs, int64_t offset, uv_fs_cb cb)¶: Equivalent to pwritev(2).

int uv_fs_mkdir(uv_loop_t* loop, uv_fs_t* req, const char* path, int mode, uv_fs_cb cb)¶: Equivalent to mkdir(2).

注解

mode is currently not implemented on Windows.

int uv_fs_mkdtemp(uv_loop_t* loop, uv_fs_t* req, const char* tpl, uv_fs_cb cb)¶: Equivalent to mkdtemp(3).

注解

The result can be found as a null terminated string at req->path.

int uv_fs_rmdir(uv_loop_t* loop, uv_fs_t* req, const char* path, uv_fs_cb cb)¶: Equivalent to rmdir(2).

int uv_fs_scandir(uv_loop_t* loop, uv_fs_t* req, const char* path, int flags, uv_fs_cb cb)¶

int uv_fs_scandir_next(uv_fs_t* req, uv_dirent_t* ent)¶: Equivalent to scandir(3), with a slightly different API. Once the callback for the request is called, the user can use uv_fs_scandir_next() to get ent populated with the next directory entry data. When there are no more entries UV_EOF will be returned.

注解

Unlike scandir(3), this function does not return the "." and ".." entries.

注解

On Linux, getting the type of an entry is only supported by some file systems (btrfs, ext2, ext3 and ext4 at the time of this writing), check the getdents(2) man page.

int uv_fs_stat(uv_loop_t* loop, uv_fs_t* req, const char* path, uv_fs_cb cb)¶

int uv_fs_fstat(uv_loop_t* loop, uv_fs_t* req, uv_file file, uv_fs_cb cb)¶

int uv_fs_lstat(uv_loop_t* loop, uv_fs_t* req, const char* path, uv_fs_cb cb)¶: Equivalent to stat(2), fstat(2) and lstat(2) respectively.

int uv_fs_rename(uv_loop_t* loop, uv_fs_t* req, const char* path, const char* new_path, uv_fs_cb cb)¶: Equivalent to rename(2).

int uv_fs_fsync(uv_loop_t* loop, uv_fs_t* req, uv_file file, uv_fs_cb cb)¶: Equivalent to fsync(2).

注解

For AIX, uv_fs_fsync returns UV_EBADF on file descriptors referencing non regular files.

int uv_fs_fdatasync(uv_loop_t* loop, uv_fs_t* req, uv_file file, uv_fs_cb cb)¶: Equivalent to fdatasync(2).

int uv_fs_ftruncate(uv_loop_t* loop, uv_fs_t* req, uv_file file, int64_t offset, uv_fs_cb cb)¶: Equivalent to ftruncate(2).

int uv_fs_copyfile(uv_loop_t* loop, uv_fs_t* req, const char* path, const char* new_path, int flags, uv_fs_cb cb)¶

Copies a file from path to new_path. Supported flags are described below.

UV_FS_COPYFILE_EXCL: If present, uv_fs_copyfile() will fail with UV_EEXIST if the destination path already exists. The default behavior is to overwrite the destination if it exists.
UV_FS_COPYFILE_FICLONE: If present, uv_fs_copyfile() will attempt to create a copy-on-write reflink. If the underlying platform does not support copy-on-write, then a fallback copy mechanism is used.
UV_FS_COPYFILE_FICLONE_FORCE: If present, uv_fs_copyfile() will attempt to create a copy-on-write reflink. If the underlying platform does not support copy-on-write, then an error is returned.

警告

If the destination path is created, but an error occurs while copying the data, then the destination path is removed. There is a brief window of time between closing and removing the file where another process could access the file.

1.14.0 新版功能.

在 1.20.0 版更改: UV_FS_COPYFILE_FICLONE and UV_FS_COPYFILE_FICLONE_FORCE are supported.

int uv_fs_sendfile(uv_loop_t* loop, uv_fs_t* req, uv_file out_fd, uv_file in_fd, int64_t in_offset, size_t length, uv_fs_cb cb)¶: Limited equivalent to sendfile(2).

int uv_fs_access(uv_loop_t* loop, uv_fs_t* req, const char* path, int mode, uv_fs_cb cb)¶: Equivalent to access(2) on Unix. Windows uses GetFileAttributesW().

int uv_fs_chmod(uv_loop_t* loop, uv_fs_t* req, const char* path, int mode, uv_fs_cb cb)¶

int uv_fs_fchmod(uv_loop_t* loop, uv_fs_t* req, uv_file file, int mode, uv_fs_cb cb)¶: Equivalent to chmod(2) and fchmod(2) respectively.

int uv_fs_utime(uv_loop_t* loop, uv_fs_t* req, const char* path, double atime, double mtime, uv_fs_cb cb)¶

int uv_fs_futime(uv_loop_t* loop, uv_fs_t* req, uv_file file, double atime, double mtime, uv_fs_cb cb)¶: Equivalent to utime(2) and futime(2) respectively.

注解

AIX: This function only works for AIX 7.1 and newer. It can still be called on older versions but will return UV_ENOSYS.

在 1.10.0 版更改: sub-second precission is supported on Windows

int uv_fs_link(uv_loop_t* loop, uv_fs_t* req, const char* path, const char* new_path, uv_fs_cb cb)¶: Equivalent to link(2).

int uv_fs_symlink(uv_loop_t* loop, uv_fs_t* req, const char* path, const char* new_path, int flags, uv_fs_cb cb)¶

Equivalent to symlink(2).

注解

On Windows the flags parameter can be specified to control how the symlink will be created:

UV_FS_SYMLINK_DIR: indicates that path points to a directory.

UV_FS_SYMLINK_JUNCTION: request that the symlink is created using junction points.

int uv_fs_readlink(uv_loop_t* loop, uv_fs_t* req, const char* path, uv_fs_cb cb)¶: Equivalent to readlink(2). The resulting string is stored in req->ptr.

int uv_fs_realpath(uv_loop_t* loop, uv_fs_t* req, const char* path, uv_fs_cb cb)¶

Equivalent to realpath(3) on Unix. Windows uses GetFinalPathNameByHandle. The resulting string is stored in req->ptr.

警告

This function has certain platform-specific caveats that were discovered when used in Node.

macOS and other BSDs: this function will fail with UV_ELOOP if more than 32 symlinks are found while resolving the given path. This limit is hardcoded and cannot be sidestepped.
Windows: while this function works in the common case, there are a number of corner cases where it doesn't:
- Paths in ramdisk volumes created by tools which sidestep the Volume Manager (such as ImDisk) cannot be resolved.
- Inconsistent casing when using drive letters.
- Resolved path bypasses subst'd drives.

While this function can still be used, it's not recommended if scenarios such as the above need to be supported.

The background story and some more details on these issues can be checked here.

注解

This function is not implemented on Windows XP and Windows Server 2003. On these systems, UV_ENOSYS is returned.

1.8.0 新版功能.

int uv_fs_chown(uv_loop_t* loop, uv_fs_t* req, const char* path, uv_uid_t uid, uv_gid_t gid, uv_fs_cb cb)¶

int uv_fs_fchown(uv_loop_t* loop, uv_fs_t* req, uv_file file, uv_uid_t uid, uv_gid_t gid, uv_fs_cb cb)¶

int uv_fs_lchown(uv_loop_t* loop, uv_fs_t* req, const char* path, uv_uid_t uid, uv_gid_t gid, uv_fs_cb cb)¶: Equivalent to chown(2), fchown(2) and lchown(2) respectively.

注解

These functions are not implemented on Windows.

在 1.21.0 版更改: implemented uv_fs_lchown

uv_fs_type uv_fs_get_type(const uv_fs_t* req)¶: Returns req->fs_type.

1.19.0 新版功能.

ssize_t uv_fs_get_result(const uv_fs_t* req)¶: Returns req->result.

1.19.0 新版功能.

void* uv_fs_get_ptr(const uv_fs_t* req)¶: Returns req->ptr.

1.19.0 新版功能.

const char* uv_fs_get_path(const uv_fs_t* req)¶: Returns req->path.

1.19.0 新版功能.

uv_stat_t* uv_fs_get_statbuf(uv_fs_t* req)¶: Returns &req->statbuf.

1.19.0 新版功能.

参见

The uv_req_t API functions also apply.

Helper functions¶

uv_os_fd_t uv_get_osfhandle(int fd)¶: For a file descriptor in the C runtime, get the OS-dependent handle. On UNIX, returns the fd intact. On Windows, this calls _get_osfhandle. Note that the return value is still owned by the C runtime, any attempts to close it or to use it after closing the fd may lead to malfunction.

1.12.0 新版功能.

int uv_open_osfhandle(uv_os_fd_t os_fd)¶: For a OS-dependent handle, get the file descriptor in the C runtime. On UNIX, returns the os_fd intact. On Windows, this calls _open_osfhandle. Note that the return value is still owned by the CRT, any attempts to close it or to use it after closing the handle may lead to malfunction.

1.23.0 新版功能.

File open constants¶

UV_FS_O_APPEND¶: The file is opened in append mode. Before each write, the file offset is positioned at the end of the file.

UV_FS_O_CREAT¶: The file is created if it does not already exist.

UV_FS_O_DIRECT¶: File I/O is done directly to and from user-space buffers, which must be aligned. Buffer size and address should be a multiple of the physical sector size of the block device.

注解

UV_FS_O_DIRECT is supported on Linux, and on Windows via FILE_FLAG_NO_BUFFERING. UV_FS_O_DIRECT is not supported on macOS.

UV_FS_O_DIRECTORY¶: If the path is not a directory, fail the open.

注解

UV_FS_O_DIRECTORY is not supported on Windows.

UV_FS_O_DSYNC¶: The file is opened for synchronous I/O. Write operations will complete once all data and a minimum of metadata are flushed to disk.

注解

UV_FS_O_DSYNC is supported on Windows via FILE_FLAG_WRITE_THROUGH.

UV_FS_O_EXCL¶: If the O_CREAT flag is set and the file already exists, fail the open.

注解

In general, the behavior of O_EXCL is undefined if it is used without O_CREAT. There is one exception: on Linux 2.6 and later, O_EXCL can be used without O_CREAT if pathname refers to a block device. If the block device is in use by the system (e.g., mounted), the open will fail with the error EBUSY.

UV_FS_O_EXLOCK¶: Atomically obtain an exclusive lock.

注解

UV_FS_O_EXLOCK is only supported on macOS and Windows.

在 1.17.0 版更改: support is added for Windows.

UV_FS_O_NOATIME¶: Do not update the file access time when the file is read.

注解

UV_FS_O_NOATIME is not supported on Windows.

UV_FS_O_NOCTTY¶: If the path identifies a terminal device, opening the path will not cause that terminal to become the controlling terminal for the process (if the process does not already have one).

注解

UV_FS_O_NOCTTY is not supported on Windows.

UV_FS_O_NOFOLLOW¶: If the path is a symbolic link, fail the open.

注解

UV_FS_O_NOFOLLOW is not supported on Windows.

UV_FS_O_NONBLOCK¶: Open the file in nonblocking mode if possible.

注解

UV_FS_O_NONBLOCK is not supported on Windows.

UV_FS_O_RANDOM¶: Access is intended to be random. The system can use this as a hint to optimize file caching.

注解

UV_FS_O_RANDOM is only supported on Windows via FILE_FLAG_RANDOM_ACCESS.

UV_FS_O_RDONLY¶: Open the file for read-only access.

UV_FS_O_RDWR¶: Open the file for read-write access.

UV_FS_O_SEQUENTIAL¶: Access is intended to be sequential from beginning to end. The system can use this as a hint to optimize file caching.

注解

UV_FS_O_SEQUENTIAL is only supported on Windows via FILE_FLAG_SEQUENTIAL_SCAN.

UV_FS_O_SHORT_LIVED¶: The file is temporary and should not be flushed to disk if possible.

注解

UV_FS_O_SHORT_LIVED is only supported on Windows via FILE_ATTRIBUTE_TEMPORARY.

UV_FS_O_SYMLINK¶: Open the symbolic link itself rather than the resource it points to.

UV_FS_O_SYNC¶: The file is opened for synchronous I/O. Write operations will complete once all data and all metadata are flushed to disk.

注解

UV_FS_O_SYNC is supported on Windows via FILE_FLAG_WRITE_THROUGH.

UV_FS_O_TEMPORARY¶: The file is temporary and should not be flushed to disk if possible.

注解

UV_FS_O_TEMPORARY is only supported on Windows via FILE_ATTRIBUTE_TEMPORARY.

UV_FS_O_TRUNC¶: If the file exists and is a regular file, and the file is opened successfully for write access, its length shall be truncated to zero.

UV_FS_O_WRONLY¶: Open the file for write-only access.

File system operations¶

Data types¶

Public members¶

API¶

Helper functions¶

File open constants¶

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